Comprehensive Liquid Density Chart (2026 Reference)

Liquid density determines the total mass contained within a specific fluid volume. In engineering design, commercial custody transfer, laboratory chemical synthesis, and culinary recipe formulation, having access to certified density values is essential for accurate conversions between kilograms (mass) and litres (volume).

Below is an extensive engineering reference chart categorizing densities across culinary liquids, petroleum hydrocarbons, industrial solvents, acids, and automotive fluids at standard reference temperatures.

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1. Culinary & Beverage Liquids (20°C / 68°F Reference)

In culinary arts and commercial food processing, liquid ingredients vary from light seed oils to dense, concentrated sugar solutions:

Liquid Name	Density (kg/L)	Density (g/cm³)	Specific Gravity	Volume of 1 kg (L)	Mass of 1 Litre (kg)
Pure Water (4°C Max Density)	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000 L	1.000 kg
Pure Water (20°C Ambient)	0.998	0.998	0.998	1.002 L	0.998 kg
Whole Bovine Milk (3.5% fat)	1.030	1.030	1.032	0.971 L	1.030 kg
Skimmed Milk (0.1% fat)	1.035	1.035	1.037	0.966 L	1.035 kg
Heavy Cream (36% fat)	0.998	0.998	1.000	1.002 L	0.998 kg
Extra Virgin Olive Oil	0.918	0.918	0.920	1.089 L	0.918 kg
Refined Canola / Rapeseed Oil	0.920	0.920	0.922	1.087 L	0.920 kg
Sunflower Cooking Oil	0.922	0.922	0.924	1.085 L	0.922 kg
Pure Maple Syrup (66° Brix)	1.325	1.325	1.328	0.755 L	1.325 kg
Natural Flower Honey (82° Brix)	1.420	1.420	1.423	0.704 L	1.420 kg
Blackstrap Molasses	1.410	1.410	1.413	0.709 L	1.410 kg
Distilled White Vinegar (5% Acid)	1.006	1.006	1.008	0.994 L	1.006 kg

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2. Petroleum Fuels & Hydrocarbons (15°C / 59°F Reference)

Petroleum fuels are regulated internationally under ASTM D1250 and API standards. Because hydrocarbons expand significantly with temperature, commercial transactions are standardized to 15°C:

Fuel Grade	Standard Density (kg/L)	Typical Range (kg/L)	Volume of 1,000 kg (L)	Mass of 1,000 Litres (kg)	Expansion Coeff. (per °C)
Aviation Gasoline (Avgas 100LL)	0.715	0.700 – 0.725	1,399 L	715 kg	0.00120
Motor Gasoline (95 RON / E10)	0.745	0.720 – 0.775	1,342 L	745 kg	0.00110
Aviation Turbine Fuel (Jet A-1)	0.804	0.775 – 0.840	1,244 L	804 kg	0.00095
Kerosene (Standard Heating Oil)	0.810	0.780 – 0.830	1,235 L	810 kg	0.00092
Automotive Diesel (EN 590 ULSD)	0.835	0.820 – 0.845	1,198 L	835 kg	0.00083
Marine Gas Oil (MGO)	0.860	0.840 – 0.890	1,163 L	860 kg	0.00078
Biodiesel (FAME / B100)	0.885	0.860 – 0.900	1,130 L	885 kg	0.00080
Very Low Sulfur Fuel Oil (VLSFO)	0.940	0.910 – 0.970	1,064 L	940 kg	0.00070

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3. Industrial Chemicals & Solvents (20°C Reference)

Solvents and industrial reagents demonstrate a wide variation in density based on molecular geometry and atomic weights:

Chemical Name	Density (kg/L)	Boiling Point (°C)	Flash Point (°C)	Volume of 1 kg (L)	Mass of 1 Litre (kg)
n-Pentane	0.626	36.1°C	-49°C	1.597 L	0.626 kg
n-Hexane	0.655	68.7°C	-22°C	1.527 L	0.655 kg
Diethyl Ether	0.713	34.6°C	-45°C	1.403 L	0.713 kg
Isopropanol (IPA 99%)	0.786	82.6°C	12°C	1.272 L	0.786 kg
Absolute Ethanol (200 Proof)	0.789	78.4°C	13°C	1.267 L	0.789 kg
Acetone (Technical Grade)	0.791	56.1°C	-20°C	1.264 L	0.791 kg
Methanol (Pure)	0.791	64.7°C	11°C	1.264 L	0.791 kg
Toluene	0.867	110.6°C	4°C	1.153 L	0.867 kg
Ethylene Glycol (Antifreeze)	1.113	197.3°C	111°C	0.898 L	1.113 kg
Pure Glycerin (Glycerol 99%)	1.261	290.0°C	160°C	0.793 L	1.261 kg
Dichloromethane (Methylene Chloride)	1.326	39.6°C	Non-flammable	0.754 L	1.326 kg
Concentrated Sulfuric Acid (98%)	1.840	337.0°C	Non-flammable	0.543 L	1.840 kg
Elemental Liquid Mercury	13.534	356.7°C	Non-flammable	0.074 L	13.534 kg

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4. Temperature Correction and Mathematical Rules

Liquid density decreases predictably as fluid temperature increases due to thermal agitation:

Density(T) = Initial Density ÷ [1 + β × (T - T_0)]

Where:

• β is the volumetric thermal expansion coefficient of the fluid.
• T - T_0 is the temperature change in degrees Celsius.

For example, when pumping 20,000 litres of diesel in winter at 0°C compared to summer at 30°C, the temperature difference of 30°C expands the liquid volume by approximately 2.5%, equivalent to 500 extra litres of space for the same mass of fuel!

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5. How to Convert Between Mass and Volume

Using the values in this chart, conversions are calculated via two core formulas:

1. Litres to Kilograms (Volume to Mass): Mass (kg) = Volume (L) × Density (kg/L) Example: 50 Litres of Acetone = 50 × 0.791 = 39.55 kg

2. Kilograms to Litres (Mass to Volume): Volume (L) = Mass (kg) ÷ Density (kg/L) Example: 50 kg of Glycerin = 50 ÷ 1.261 = 39.65 Litres

For automated, instant calculations across more than 770 substances, explore our free kg to litres converter on the homepage.